Defects of Sulpher Dyeing | Bronziness of Shades | Sulpher Black Tendering

1. Bronziness or Dullness of shades
2. Sulpher Black tendering

Now they are Described below:-

Ø Bronziness of Shades:
This is a common defect found in Sulpher dyed textile materials.

☼ Causes:

The causes are as below:-
1. Excessive delay between lifting of the material from the dye bath and washing off.
2. Exposure of goods to air while dyeing.
3. Too much use of common salts as exhausting agents.
4. Insufficient Na2S (i.e. reducing agent) in dye bath. As a result of which dye is incompletely reduced.
5. Strong dye liquor in the dye bath.

☼ Remedies:

The remedies are as below:-
1. Good washing and dilute solution of Na2S (0.1%) at 300C or,
2. A treatment with boiling soap solution or a strong Na2S solution or,
3. A treatment with a solution containing 10% salponified palm oil at 600C or,
4. a) Ammonia : 125-200 gm/100 litre or, 1.25-2 gm/litre

T.R Oil : 200-300gm/100litre or, 2-3 gm/litre.
Time : 15 minutes
Temperature : Water Bath